STI教育

What is a Sexually Transmitted Infection (性传播感染)?

性传播感染, also known as sexually transmitted diseases (性传播疾病), are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact.  主要有两种类型 性传播感染:细菌和病毒.  Bacterial pathogens include Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and 梅毒.  These infections can be treated with antibiotics, but early treatment is 重要的! Viral pathogens like hepatitis, 人乳头瘤病毒(HPV) and HIV cannot be cured but medications can be used to manage or suppress symptoms.  

疾病预防控制中心STI简报

性传播感染有多普遍?

There are 26 million new cases of 性传播感染 each year in the United States.  近50% of the new infections are in people between the ages of 15 and 24. 这是推荐的 by the CDC, that anyone who is sexually active, and less than 25 years of age should 每年进行性传播感染筛查.    

性传播疾病 & 不孕不育 治疗指南/筛查建议

性传播感染是如何传播的?

性传播感染 are spread by having unprotected (without a condom) vaginal, anal, or oral sex 性传播感染的人.  Some infections, such as herpes and syphilis, can be passed by skin-to-skin contact without having sex.  

性病风险和口交情况说明书

性传播感染的症状是什么? 

Both bacterial and viral infections often do not cause any symptoms.  事实上，很多 pathogens can remain dormant for many years before symptoms develop.  与感染 of gonorrhea and chlamydia, both women and men may experience symptoms that are similar to a urinary tract infection (painful urination), lower abdominal pain, or unusual 放电.  The only way to know for sure, if you have an STI or not, is to get tested.

性病的症状

我在哪里可以做检查? 

The JU 学生健康中心 provides confidential STI testing Monday- Friday at a 名义上的成本.  

如何治疗性传播感染?

Treatable 性传播感染 like Gonorrhea and Chlamydia may require and antibiotic by mouth or 感染.  For infections like herpes and HIV, that cannot be cured, medications 开什么药可以缓解症状. 

疾控中心-性病治疗

如果我不治疗性传播感染会怎么样?

In women, if left untreated, chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause pelvic inflammatory disease which can lead to fertility issues, long term pelvic/abdominal pain and infections 在身体的其他部位. Untreated chlamydia and gonorrhea may also increase your 感染艾滋病毒的风险.  An infection, like HIV, can be fatal if left untreated.  

疾病预防控制中心盆腔炎-情况说明书

我能做些什么来预防性传播感染?

The only effective way to protect yourself is to not have vaginal, oral, or anal sex.  If you do decide to have sex, there are ways to lower your risk of getting an STI.  

1. 和你的伴侣谈谈.  Before engaging in a sexual relationship, talk with your partner about STI testing, how you will prevent an STI 和怀孕.  谈谈你 会和不会做爱.
2. 接种疫苗.  Ensure you are vaccinated against HPV and Hepatitis B before you 变得性活跃.  
3. 进行测试.  You and your partner should get tested for an STI before engaging in 任何性行为.
4. 使用避孕套.  Know how to use it correctly and make sure you and your partner use 从头到尾都是避孕套.  
5. 是一夫一妻制.  If you and your partner are not in a monogamous relationship, there 会增加感染性病的风险吗.  
6. Avoid mixing sexual encounters with alcohol, recreational drugs, or partying.  喝 too much alcohol increases risky sexual behaviors, like not using a condom or having sex with someone you would not normally have sex with, and that may put you at risk 可能感染了性传播感染.  

性病预防信息

正确使用牙坝的方法

Dental dams can help protect against certain sexually transmitted infections (梅毒, 淋病、衣原体、肝炎和艾滋病毒). 人们经常想到性交 when it comes to passing 性传播感染 between partners, but they can also be transmitted through 口交也是. Dental dams work by reducing your risk of sharing fluids that may carry 性传播感染.

牙科大坝的注意事项 

• DO use a new latex or polyurethane dental dam every time you have oral sex.
• DO 阅读包装并检查有效期.
• DO 确保没有眼泪和瑕疵.
• DO put on before starting oral sex and keep it on until finished.
• DO use water-based or silicone-based lubricant to prevent breakage.
• DO 将牙用dam储存在阴凉干燥的地方.
   
• 不 重复使用牙坝.
• 不 stretch a dental dam, as this can cause it to tear.
• 不 use nonoxynol-9 (a spermicide), which can cause irritation.
• 不 use oil-based products like baby oil, lotion, petroleum jelly, or cooking oil because 它们会导致牙床破裂.
• 不 flush dental dams down the toilet as they may clog it.

正确使用女用避孕套

A female condom can protect against the spread of a sexually transmitted infection 和怀孕. However, it is thought not to work as well as male condoms in protecting 预防性传播感染.

The female condom, when correctly used all of the time, is 95% effective.

女用避孕套的注意事项

• DO use 从头到尾都是避孕套, every time you have vaginal sex.
  • Female condoms can also be used for anal sex and follow the same general guidelines 就像阴道性交一样.
• DO read the condom package insert and check the expiration date.
• DO 确保没有眼泪和瑕疵.
• DO use lubricant to help prevent the condom from slipping and tearing.
• DO 将避孕套存放在阴凉干燥的地方.

 

• 不 use a male condom with a female condom, as this can cause tearing.
• 不 使用避孕套.
• 不 把避孕套冲干净，因为它们可能堵塞马桶.

正确使用安全套的方法

The CDC reports that condoms are the only birth control option that reduces your risk 性传播感染和怀孕的风险. But, for condoms to work they must be used correctly and 每次做爱都要用吗. It’s 重要的 to know, however, that they cannot completely protect you and your partner from some 性传播感染, like herpes, syphilis, or 人乳头瘤病毒(HPV). Also, condoms can break, slip, or leak, especially if 他们没有正确地穿上和脱下. 这是预防怀孕唯一可靠的方法 性传播疾病就是不要发生性行为.

外用避孕套的注意事项

• DO 每次做爱都要使用避孕套.
• DO 做爱前戴上避孕套.
• DO 阅读包装并检查有效期.
• DO 确保没有眼泪和瑕疵
• DO 将避孕套存放在阴凉干燥的地方.
• DO 使用乳胶或聚氨酯避孕套.
• DO use water-based or silicone-based lubricant to prevent breakage.

 

• 不 store condoms in your wallet as heat and friction can damage them.
• 不 use nonoxynol-9 (a spermicide), as this can cause irritation.
• 不 use oil-based products like baby oil, lotion, petroleum jelly, or cooking oil because 它们会导致避孕套破裂.
• 不 一次使用多个避孕套.
• 不 重复使用避孕套.
• 不 使用破损或过时的避孕套.